not - 2005-7-22 20:26:00
DES算法详述
DES算法把64位的明文输入块变为64位的密文输出块，它所使用的密钥也是64位，整个算法的主流程图如下：
其功能是把输入的64位数据块按位重新组合，并把输出分为L0、R0两部分，每部分各长32位，其置换规则见下表：
58,50,12,34,26,18,10,2,60,52,44,36,28,20,12,4,
62,54,46,38,30,22,14,6,64,56,48,40,32,24,16,8,
57,49,41,33,25,17, 9,1,59,51,43,35,27,19,11,3,
61,53,45,37,29,21,13,5,63,55,47,39,31,23,15,7,
即将输入的第58位换到第一位，第50位换到第2位，...，依此类推，最后一位是原来的第7位。L0、R0则是换位输出后的两部分，L0是输出的左32位，R0 是右32位，例：设置换前的输入值为D1D2D3......D64，则经过初始置换后的结果为：L0=D58D50...D8；R0=D57D49...D7。
经过16次迭代运算后。得到L16、R16，将此作为输入，进行逆置换，即得到密文输出。逆置换正好是初始置的逆运算，例如，第1位经过初始置换后，处于第40位，而通过逆置换，又将第40位换回到第1位，其逆置换规则如下表所示：
40,8,48,16,56,24,64,32,39,7,47,15,55,23,63,31,
38,6,46,14,54,22,62,30,37,5,45,13,53,21,61,29,
36,4,44,12,52,20,60,28,35,3,43,11,51,19,59,27,
34,2,42,10,50,18,58 26,33,1,41, 9,49,17,57,25,
放大换位表
32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8, 9, 10,11,
12,13,12,13,14,15,16,17,16,17,18,19,20,21,20,21,
22,23,24,25,24,25,26,27,28,29,28,29,30,31,32, 1,
单纯换位表
16,7,20,21,29,12,28,17, 1,15,23,26, 5,18,31,10,
2,8,24,14,32,27, 3, 9,19,13,30, 6,22,11, 4,25,
在f(Ri,Ki)算法描述图中，S1,S2...S8为选择函数，其功能是把6bit数据变为4bit数据。下面给出选择函数Si(i=1,2......8)的功能表：
选择函数Si
S1:
14,4,13,1,2,15,11,8,3,10,6,12,5,9,0,7,
0,15,7,4,14,2,13,1,10,6,12,11,9,5,3,8,
4,1,14,8,13,6,2,11,15,12,9,7,3,10,5,0,
15,12,8,2,4,9,1,7,5,11,3,14,10,0,6,13,
S2:
15,1,8,14,6,11,3,4,9,7,2,13,12,0,5,10,
3,13,4,7,15,2,8,14,12,0,1,10,6,9,11,5,
0,14,7,11,10,4,13,1,5,8,12,6,9,3,2,15,
13,8,10,1,3,15,4,2,11,6,7,12,0,5,14,9,
S3:
10,0,9,14,6,3,15,5,1,13,12,7,11,4,2,8,
13,7,0,9,3,4,6,10,2,8,5,14,12,11,15,1,
13,6,4,9,8,15,3,0,11,1,2,12,5,10,14,7,
1,10,13,0,6,9,8,7,4,15,14,3,11,5,2,12,
S4:
7,13,14,3,0,6,9,10,1,2,8,5,11,12,4,15,
13,8,11,5,6,15,0,3,4,7,2,12,1,10,14,9,
10,6,9,0,12,11,7,13,15,1,3,14,5,2,8,4,
3,15,0,6,10,1,13,8,9,4,5,11,12,7,2,14,
S5:
2,12,4,1,7,10,11,6,8,5,3,15,13,0,14,9,
14,11,2,12,4,7,13,1,5,0,15,10,3,9,8,6,
4,2,1,11,10,13,7,8,15,9,12,5,6,3,0,14,
11,8,12,7,1,14,2,13,6,15,0,9,10,4,5,3,
S6:
12,1,10,15,9,2,6,8,0,13,3,4,14,7,5,11,
10,15,4,2,7,12,9,5,6,1,13,14,0,11,3,8,
9,14,15,5,2,8,12,3,7,0,4,10,1,13,11,6,
4,3,2,12,9,5,15,10,11,14,1,7,6,0,8,13,
S7:
4,11,2,14,15,0,8,13,3,12,9,7,5,10,6,1,
13,0,11,7,4,9,1,10,14,3,5,12,2,15,8,6,
1,4,11,13,12,3,7,14,10,15,6,8,0,5,9,2,
6,11,13,8,1,4,10,7,9,5,0,15,14,2,3,12,
S8:
13,2,8,4,6,15,11,1,10,9,3,14,5,0,12,7,
1,15,13,8,10,3,7,4,12,5,6,11,0,14,9,2,
7,11,4,1,9,12,14,2,0,6,10,13,15,3,5,8,
2,1,14,7,4,10,8,13,15,12,9,0,3,5,6,11,
在此以S1为例说明其功能，我们可以看到：在S1中，共有4行数据，命名为0，1、2、3行；每行有16列，命名为0、1、2、3，......，14、15列。
现设输入为： D＝D1D2D3D4D5D6
令：列＝D2D3D4D5
行＝D1D6
然后在S1表中查得对应的数，以4位二进制表示，此即为选择函数S1的输出。下面给出子密钥Ki(48bit)的生成算法
从子密钥Ki的生成算法描述图中我们可以看到：初始Key值为64位，但DES算法规定，其中第8、16、......64位是奇偶校验位，不参与DES运算。故Key 实际可用位数便只有56位。即：经过缩小选择换位表1的变换后，Key 的位数由64 位变成了56位，此56位分为C0、D0两部分，各28位，然后分别进行第1次循环左移，得到C1、D1，将C1（28位）、D1（28位）合并得到56位，再经过缩小选择换位2，从而便得到了密钥K0（48位）。依此类推，便可得到K1、K2、......、K15，不过需要注意的是，16次循环左移对应的左移位数要依据下述规则进行：
循环左移位数
1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1
以上介绍了DES算法的加密过程。DES算法的解密过程是一样的，区别仅仅在于第一次迭代时用子密钥K15，第二次K14、......，最后一次用K0，算法本身并没有任何变化。
not - 2005-7-22 20:31:00
代码在此，部分代码根据自己情况自己修改。
========================
*.h文件
========================
enum {ENCRYPT,DECRYPT};
class DES
{
public:
bool Des_Go(char *Out, char *In, long datalen, const char *Key, int keylen, bool Type);
DES();
virtual ~DES();
};
=====================
*.cpp 文件
======================
DES::DES()
{
}
DES::~DES()
{
}
// initial permutation IP
const static char IP_Table[64] = {
58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2, 60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4,
62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6, 64, 56, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8,
57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3,
61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5, 63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7
};
// final permutation IP^-1
const static char IPR_Table[64] = {
40, 8, 48, 16, 56, 24, 64, 32, 39, 7, 47, 15, 55, 23, 63, 31,
38, 6, 46, 14, 54, 22, 62, 30, 37, 5, 45, 13, 53, 21, 61, 29,
36, 4, 44, 12, 52, 20, 60, 28, 35, 3, 43, 11, 51, 19, 59, 27,
34, 2, 42, 10, 50, 18, 58, 26, 33, 1, 41, 9, 49, 17, 57, 25
};
// expansion operation matrix
static const char E_Table[48] = {
32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 1
};
// 32-bit permutation function P used on the output of the S-boxes
const static char P_Table[32] = {
16, 7, 20, 21, 29, 12, 28, 17, 1, 15, 23, 26, 5, 18, 31, 10,
2, 8, 24, 14, 32, 27, 3, 9, 19, 13, 30, 6, 22, 11, 4, 25
};
// permuted choice table (key)
const static char PC1_Table[56] = {
57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1, 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18,
10, 2, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3, 60, 52, 44, 36,
63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7, 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22,
14, 6, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5, 28, 20, 12, 4
};
// permuted choice key (table)
const static char PC2_Table[48] = {
14, 17, 11, 24, 1, 5, 3, 28, 15, 6, 21, 10,
23, 19, 12, 4, 26, 8, 16, 7, 27, 20, 13, 2,
41, 52, 31, 37, 47, 55, 30, 40, 51, 45, 33, 48,
44, 49, 39, 56, 34, 53, 46, 42, 50, 36, 29, 32
};
// number left rotations of pc1
const static char LOOP_Table[16] = {
1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1
};
// The (in)famous S-boxes
const static char S_Box[8][4][16] = {
// S1
14, 4, 13, 1, 2, 15, 11, 8, 3, 10, 6, 12, 5, 9, 0, 7,
0, 15, 7, 4, 14, 2, 13, 1, 10, 6, 12, 11, 9, 5, 3, 8,
4, 1, 14, 8, 13, 6, 2, 11, 15, 12, 9, 7, 3, 10, 5, 0,
15, 12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5, 11, 3, 14, 10, 0, 6, 13,
// S2
15, 1, 8, 14, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2, 13, 12, 0, 5, 10,
3, 13, 4, 7, 15, 2, 8, 14, 12, 0, 1, 10, 6, 9, 11, 5,
0, 14, 7, 11, 10, 4, 13, 1, 5, 8, 12, 6, 9, 3, 2, 15,
13, 8, 10, 1, 3, 15, 4, 2, 11, 6, 7, 12, 0, 5, 14, 9,
// S3
10, 0, 9, 14, 6, 3, 15, 5, 1, 13, 12, 7, 11, 4, 2, 8,
13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6, 10, 2, 8, 5, 14, 12, 11, 15, 1,
13, 6, 4, 9, 8, 15, 3, 0, 11, 1, 2, 12, 5, 10, 14, 7,
1, 10, 13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 15, 14, 3, 11, 5, 2, 12,
// S4
7, 13, 14, 3, 0, 6, 9, 10, 1, 2, 8, 5, 11, 12, 4, 15,
13, 8, 11, 5, 6, 15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2, 12, 1, 10, 14, 9,
10, 6, 9, 0, 12, 11, 7, 13, 15, 1, 3, 14, 5, 2, 8, 4,
3, 15, 0, 6, 10, 1, 13, 8, 9, 4, 5, 11, 12, 7, 2, 14,
// S5
2, 12, 4, 1, 7, 10, 11, 6, 8, 5, 3, 15, 13, 0, 14, 9,
14, 11, 2, 12, 4, 7, 13, 1, 5, 0, 15, 10, 3, 9, 8, 6,
4, 2, 1, 11, 10, 13, 7, 8, 15, 9, 12, 5, 6, 3, 0, 14,
11, 8, 12, 7, 1, 14, 2, 13, 6, 15, 0, 9, 10, 4, 5, 3,
// S6
12, 1, 10, 15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 0, 13, 3, 4, 14, 7, 5, 11,
10, 15, 4, 2, 7, 12, 9, 5, 6, 1, 13, 14, 0, 11, 3, 8,
9, 14, 15, 5, 2, 8, 12, 3, 7, 0, 4, 10, 1, 13, 11, 6,
4, 3, 2, 12, 9, 5, 15, 10, 11, 14, 1, 7, 6, 0, 8, 13,
// S7
4, 11, 2, 14, 15, 0, 8, 13, 3, 12, 9, 7, 5, 10, 6, 1,
13, 0, 11, 7, 4, 9, 1, 10, 14, 3, 5, 12, 2, 15, 8, 6,
1, 4, 11, 13, 12, 3, 7, 14, 10, 15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2,
6, 11, 13, 8, 1, 4, 10, 7, 9, 5, 0, 15, 14, 2, 3, 12,
// S8
13, 2, 8, 4, 6, 15, 11, 1, 10, 9, 3, 14, 5, 0, 12, 7,
1, 15, 13, 8, 10, 3, 7, 4, 12, 5, 6, 11, 0, 14, 9, 2,
7, 11, 4, 1, 9, 12, 14, 2, 0, 6, 10, 13, 15, 3, 5, 8,
2, 1, 14, 7, 4, 10, 8, 13, 15, 12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6, 11
};
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
typedef bool (*PSubKey)[16][48];
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
static void SDES(char Out[8], char In[8], const PSubKey pSubKey, bool Type);//标准DES加/解密
static void SetKey(const char* Key, int len);// 设置密钥
static void SetSubKey(PSubKey pSubKey, const char Key[8]);// 设置子密钥
static void F_func(bool In[32], const bool Ki[48]);// f 函数
static void S_func(bool Out[32], const bool In[48]);// S 盒代替
static void Transform(bool *Out, bool *In, const char *Table, int len);// 变换
static void Xor(bool *InA, const bool *InB, int len);// 异或
static void RotateL(bool *In, int len, int loop);// 循环左移
static void ByteToBit(bool *Out, const char *In, int bits);// 字节组转换成位组
static void BitToByte(char *Out, const bool *In, int bits);// 位组转换成字节组
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
static bool SubKey[2][16][48];// 16圈子密钥
static bool Is3DES;// 3次DES标志
static char Tmp[256], deskey[16];
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Code starts from Line 130
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void SetKey(const char* Key, int len)
{
memset(deskey, 0, 16);
memcpy(deskey, Key, len>16?16:len);
SetSubKey(&SubKey[0], &deskey[0]);
Is3DES = len>8 ? (SetSubKey(&SubKey[1], &deskey[8]), true) : false;
}
void SDES(char Out[8], char In[8], const PSubKey pSubKey, bool Type)
{
static bool M[64], tmp[32], *Li=&M[0], *Ri=&M[32];
ByteToBit(M, In, 64);
Transform(M, M, IP_Table, 64);
if( Type == ENCRYPT ){
for(int i=0; i<16; ++i) {
memcpy(tmp, Ri, 32);
F_func(Ri, (*pSubKey));
Xor(Ri, Li, 32);
memcpy(Li, tmp, 32);
}
}else{
for(int i=15; i>=0; --i) {
memcpy(tmp, Li, 32);
F_func(Li, (*pSubKey));
Xor(Li, Ri, 32);
memcpy(Ri, tmp, 32);
}
}
Transform(M, M, IPR_Table, 64);
BitToByte(Out, M, 64);
}
void SetSubKey(PSubKey pSubKey, const char Key[8])
{
static bool K[64], *KL=&K[0], *KR=&K[28];
ByteToBit(K, Key, 64);
Transform(K, K, PC1_Table, 56);
for(int i=0; i<16; ++i) {
RotateL(KL, 28, LOOP_Table);
RotateL(KR, 28, LOOP_Table);
Transform((*pSubKey), K, PC2_Table, 48);
}
}
void F_func(bool In[32], const bool Ki[48])
{
static bool MR[48];
Transform(MR, In, E_Table, 48);
Xor(MR, Ki, 48);
S_func(In, MR);
Transform(In, In, P_Table, 32);
}
void S_func(bool Out[32], const bool In[48])
{
for(char i=0,j,k; i<8; ++i,In+=6,Out+=4) {
j = (In[0]<<1) + In[5];
k = (In[1]<<3) + (In[2]<<2) + (In[3]<<1) + In[4];
ByteToBit(Out, &S_Box[j][k], 4);
}
}
void Transform(bool *Out, bool *In, const char *Table, int len)
{
for(int i=0; i<len; ++i)
Tmp = In[ Table-1 ];
memcpy(Out, Tmp, len);
}
void Xor(bool *InA, const bool *InB, int len)
{
for(int i=0; i<len; ++i)
InA ^= InB;
}
void RotateL(bool *In, int len, int loop)
{
memcpy(Tmp, In, loop);
memcpy(In, In+loop, len-loop);
memcpy(In+len-loop, Tmp, loop);
}
void ByteToBit(bool *Out, const char *In, int bits)
{
for(int i=0; i<bits; ++i)
Out = (In[i>>3]>>(i&7)) & 1;
}
void BitToByte(char *Out, const bool *In, int bits)
{
memset(Out, 0, bits>>3);
for(int i=0; i<bits; ++i)
Out[i>>3] |= In<<(i&7);
}
bool DES::Des_Go(char *Out, char *In, long datalen, const char *Key, int keylen, bool Type)
{
if( !( Out && In && Key && (datalen=(datalen+7)&0xfffffff8) ) )
return false;
SetKey(Key, keylen);
if( !Is3DES ) { // 1次DES
for(long i=0,j=datalen>>3; i<j; ++i,Out+=8,In+=8)
SDES(Out, In, &SubKey[0], Type);
} else{ // 3次DES 加密:加(key0)-解(key1)-加(key0) 解密::解(key0)-加(key1)-解(key0)
for(long i=0,j=datalen>>3; i<j; ++i,Out+=8,In+=8) {
SDES(Out, In, &SubKey[0], Type);
SDES(Out, Out, &SubKey[1], !Type);
SDES(Out, Out, &SubKey[0], Type);
}
}
return true;
}
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